AIRCRAFT INVESTIGATION
Macchi M.5 light maritime single seat scout weight and performance calculations
Macchi M.5
role : light maritime single-seat scout (ship based)
first flight : operational : October 1917
country : Italy
design : Buzio & Calzavara
production : 240 aircraft, Varese
general information :
Gap : 1.90m Chord : upper plane : 1.60m lower plane : 1.10m
Airscrew diam. : 2.55m revs.: 1500 climb to 4000m : 20 min
One of the best waterplane fighters of WWI. Performance matched those of
contemporary land-based fighters
users : Italy
crew : 1
armament : 2 fixed 6.50 [mm] (0.256 in) FIAT Rivelli machine-gun
engine : 1 Isotta-Fraschini V.4B liquid-cooled 6-cylinder inline engine 160 [hp](117KW)
dimensions :
wingspan : 11.9 [m], length : 8.08 [m], height : 2.85[m]
wing area : 28.0 [m^2]
weights :
max.take-off weight : 990 [kg]
empty weight operational : 720 [kg] bombload : 0 [kg]
performance :
maximum speed : 189 [km/hr] at sea-level
service ceiling : 6200 [m]
endurance : 3.6 [hours]
estimated action radius : 306 [km]
description :
1˝-bay biplane flying boat
2 (aid) tip floats
upper wingtips supported by slanted struts
two spar upper and lower wing
engine attached to top plane
airscrew :
fixed pitch 2 -bladed pusher airscrew with max. efficiency :0.64 [ ]
diameter airscrew 2.55 [m]
angle of attack prop : 20.27 [ ]
reduction : 1.00 [ ]
airscrew revs : 1420 [r.p.m.]
pitch at Max speed 2.22 [m]
blade-tip speed at Vmax and max revs. : 197 [m/s]
calculation : *1* (dimensions)
mean wing chord : 1.31 [m]
calculated wing chord (rounded tips): 1.45 [m]
wing aspect ratio : 9.10 []
gap : 1.90 [m]
gap/chord : 1.45 [ ]
seize (span*length*height) : 274 [m^3]
calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)
oil consumption : 1.8 [kg/hr]
fuel consumption(cruise speed) : 28.1 [kg/hr] (38.3 [litre/hr]) at 60 [%] power
distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 6.06 [km/kg]
estimated total fuel capacity : 156 [litre] (115 [kg])
calculation : *3* (weight)
weight engine(s) dry : 265.0 [kg] = 2.25 [kg/KW]
weight 11 litre oil tank : 1.0 [kg]
oil tank filled with 0.9 litre oil : 0.8 [kg]
oil in engine 7 litre oil : 5.9 [kg]
fuel in engine 1 litre fuel : 0.6 [kg]
weight 16 litre gravity patrol tank(s) : 2.4 [kg]
weight radiator : 16.9 [kg]
weight exhaust pipes & fuel lines 13.9 [kg]
weight cowling 4.7 [kg]
weight airscrew(s) (wood) incl. boss & bolts : 19.0 [kg]
total weight propulsion system : 329 [kg](33.2 [%])
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fuselage skeleton (wood gauge : 4.38 [cm]): 40 [kg]
bracing : 2.8 [kg]
plywood/wood covering hull (gauche : 0.8 [cm]): 63.9 [kg]
weight controls + indicators: 6.2 [kg]
weight seats : 3.0 [kg]
weight other details, lighting set, etc. : 5.1 [kg]
weight 140 [litre] main fuel tank empty : 11.2 [kg]
weight oxygen/compressed air flasks for high altitude : 3.9 [kg]
weight engine mounts & firewalls : 6 [kg]
total weight fuselage : 142 [kg](14.3 [%])
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weight wing covering (doped linen fabric) : 18 [kg]
total weight ribs (62 ribs) : 59 [kg]
load on front upper spar (clmax) per running metre : 430.2 [N]
load on rear upper spar (vmax) per running metre : 238.7 [N]
total weight 8 spars : 34 [kg]
weight wings : 111 [kg]
weight wing/square meter : 3.97 [kg]
weight 8 interplane struts & cabane : 38.8 [kg]
weight cables (45 [m]) : 2.5 [kg] (= 54 [gram] per metre)
diameter cable : 3.0 [mm]
weight fin & rudder (1.6 [m2]) : 6.8 [kg]
weight stabilizer & elevator (2.7 [m2]): 10.8 [kg]
total weight wing surfaces & bracing : 170 [kg] (17.2 [%])
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weight machine-gun(s) : 34.0 [kg]
weight machine gun-mounting top plane : 1.5 [kg]
weight ammunition magazine(s) :2.3 [kg]
weight armament : 38 [kg]
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weight 2 tip floats : 9 [kg] (0.9 [%])
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calculated empty weight : 687 [kg](69.4 [%])
weight oil for 4.3 hours flying : 7.6 [kg]
weight cooling fluids : 25.4 [kg]
weight ammunition (800 rounds) : 18.5 [kg]
weight signal pistol with cartridges : 3.6 [kg]
weight automatic pistol with spare magazines : 1.2 [kg]
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calculated operational weight empty : 744 [kg] (75.1 [%])
published operational weight empty : 720 [kg] (72.7 [%])
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~U~
weight crew : 81 [kg]
weight (electrical heated) clothing for high altitude : 6.0 [kg]
weight fuel for 2.0 hours flying : 56 [kg]
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operational weight : 887 [kg](89.6 [%])
estimated bomb load : 50 [kg]
operational weight bombing mission : 937 [kg]
fuel reserve : 53 [kg] enough for 1.89 [hours] flying
operational weight fully loaded : 990 [kg] with fuel tank filled for 95 [%]
published maximum take-off weight : 990 [kg] (100.0 [%])
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calculation : * 4 * (engine power)
power loading (operational without bombload) : 7.54 [kg/kW]
total power : 117.7 [kW] at 1420 [r.p.m]
calculation : *5* (loads)
manoeuvre load : 3.5 [g] at 1000 [m]
limit load : 3.5 [g] ultimate load : 5.2 [g] load factor : 1.4 [g]
design flight time : 2.88 [hours]
design cycles : 149 sorties, design hours : 430 [hours]
operational wing loading : 311 [N/m^2]
wing stress (3 g) during operation : 235 [N/kg] at 3g emergency manoeuvre
calculation : *6* (angles of attack)
angle of attack zero lift : -1.13 ["]
max. angle of attack (stalling angle) : 11.77 ["]
angle of attack at max. speed : 0.97 ["]
calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios
lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° :0.10 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. angle of attack : 1.14 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.19 [ ]
induced drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0016 [ ]
drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0300 [ ]
drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.0284 [ ]
calculation : *8* (speeds
stalling speed at sea-level (OW): 76 [km/u]
landing speed at sea-level (OW without bombload): 91 [km/hr]
min. drag speed (max endurance) : 107 [km/hr] at 3100 [m](power :30 [%])
min. power speed (max range) : 119 [km/hr] at 3100 [m] (power:32 [%])
max. rate of climb speed : 110.4 [km/hr] at sea-level
cruising speed : 170 [km/hr] op 3100 [m] (power:58 [%])
The characteristic sea drake represented on Arcidiacono's Macchi M.5
design speed prop : 180 [km/hr]
maximum speed : 189 [km/hr] op 100 [m] (power:99 [%])
climbing speed at sea-level (without bombload) : 297 [m/min]
calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)
take-off distance at sea-level : 201 [m]
lift/drag ratio : 13.74 [ ]
max. practical ceiling : 7000 [m] with flying weight :815 [kg]
practical ceiling (operational weight): 6550 [m] with flying weight :887 [kg]
practical ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 1 hour fuel) : 6075 [m] with flying weight :962 [kg]
published ceiling (6200 [m]
climb to 1500m (without bombload) : 5.52 [min]
climb to 3000m (without bombload) : 12.86 [min]
max. dive speed : 491.9 [km/hr] at 5075 [m] height
load factor at max. angle turn 2.69 ["g"]
turn radius at 500m: 51 [m]
time needed for 360* turn 9.1 [seconds] at 500m
calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)
operational endurance : 4.09 [hours] with 1 crew and 51 [kg] useful (bomb)load and 100.0 [%] fuel
published endurance : 3.60 [hours] with 1 crew and possible useful (bomb) load : 64 [kg] and 88.1 [%] fuel
action radius : 440 [km] with 1 crew and 20[kg] photo camera/radio transmitter or bombload
max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks for total 257 [litre] fuel : 1143 [km]
useful load with action-radius 250km : 106 [kg]
production : 18.05 [tonkm/hour]
oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 1.65 [kg]
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Literature :
Jane’s fighting aircraft WWI page 204
Praktisch handboek vliegtuigen deel 1 page 232
Fighters 1914-19 page 89
DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be
regarded as indication not as facts.
Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights
and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.
Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data
is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information
so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/
content please mail to below mail address
(c) B van der Zalm 03 November 2019 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com python 3.7.4